63And it shall be, that just as the Lord (AV)rejoiced over you to do you good and multiply you, so the Lord (AW)will rejoice over you to destroy you and bring you to nothing; and you shall be (AX)plucked[q] from off the land which you go to possess. Michael Grisanti: The pair signs and wonders commonly signifies anything that testifies to Yahwehs presence and power (Dt 4:34; 7:19; 26:8; 29:3 [2]; Jer 32:21). English Hebrew. 19 You will be cursed when you come in and cursed when you go out. In particular, note the Abrahamic covenant of Genesis 15: 7 Then he said to him, I am the Lord who brought you out from Ur of the Kaldeans to assign this land to you as a possession. 8 And he said, O Lord God, how shall I know that I am to possess it? 9 He answered, Bring Me a three-year-old heifer, a three-year-old she-goat, a three-year-old ram, a turtledove, and a young bird. 9 He answered, Bring Me a three-year-old heifer, a three-year-old she-goat, a three-year-old ram, a turtledove, and a young bird. 10 He brought Him all these and cut them in two, placing each half opposite the other; but he did not cut up the bird. Copyright 2019 by Zondervan. Web1. (:47-48) Root Causes and Summary Consequences, Because you did not serve the LORD your God with joy and a glad heart, for the abundance of all things;, therefore you shall serve your enemies whom the LORD shall send against you, in hunger, in thirst, in nakedness, and in the lack of all things; and He will put an iron yoke on your neck until He has destroyed you.. The fourth term, which means feverish heat, could refer to either category (an illness [Craigie, 343] or severe heat [NIV; Merrill, Deuteronomy, 359]). All these curses will come But it shall come about, if you do not obey the LORD your God, to observe to do all His commandments and His statutes with which I charge you today, Moses was about to die, the congregation were about to cross the Jordan, and the whole future of Israel depended on faithful obedience to the law of God. 32Your sons and your daughters shall be given to (R)another people, and your eyes shall look and (S)fail with longing for them all day long; and there shall be [e]no strength in your (T)hand. 67(BD)In the morning you shall say, Oh, that it were evening! And at evening you shall say, Oh, that it were morning! because of the fear which terrifies your heart, and (BE)because of the sight which your eyes see. Your baskets and storehouses will be cursed vs 17 4. Whereas the imprecations of 27:1526 and 28:1519 are formulaic in nature, the curses in verses 2068 are cast in impassioned rhetorical style and expound in exhaustive detail the reversal of the blessings specified in verses 713. (AK), 36The Lord will drive you and the king(AL) you set over you to a nation unknown to you or your ancestors. By Laura Quick (8 The Lord will send a blessing on your barns and on everything you put your hand to. (:36) Physical Opposition Oppressive Captivity, The LORD will bring you and your king, whom you shall set over you, to a nation which neither you nor your fathers have known, and there you shall serve other gods, wood and stone., 2. 36) and thus introduce curses as the withdrawal of blessing. New Translation Selector Translation Colors. Translations. Ramos, Melissa. 1. This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. Your donkey will be forcibly taken from you and will not be returned. (Q) 23The sky over your head will be bronze, the ground beneath you iron. Now go back to Deuteronomy 28, lets pick just three verses to illustrate. New Translation Selector Translation Colors. The LORD will make the pestilence cling to you until He has consumed you from the land, where you are entering to possess it.. (BC) They will be the head, but you will be the tail.(BD). All seven terms can be associated with heat. your donkey shall be torn away from you. Settings Nu 1314; Dt 1:28) or resorted to other sources of strength (political alliances, idolatry, etc.). Thus decrease in population and eviction from the land answer point by point (and in the same order) the matching blessings of number and land in the original promise passages (Gen 15:5-7; 17:4-8). 20The Lord will send on you curses,(H) confusion and rebuke(I) in everything you put your hand to, until you are destroyed and come to sudden ruin(J) because of the evil(K) you have done in forsaking him. 51They will devour the young of your livestock and the crops of your land until you are destroyed. Unlike the Esarhaddon Treaty, these inscriptions are written in Old Aramaic, a Northwest Semitic language utilized in Syria during the first millennium BCE. 4, 11) Offspring of your cows Plenteous ( v. 11) To have many Vexation ( v. 20) Confusion and frustration Rebuke ( v. 20) Reprimand, scold Pestilence ( v. 21) Plagues, diseases Cleave ( vv. The LORD will make the rain of your land powder and dust; from heaven it shall come down on you until you are destroyed., The LORD will cause you to be defeated before your enemies; you shall go out one way against them, but you shall flee seven ways before them, and you shall be an example of terror to all the kingdoms of the earth. Cuneiform Literacy and Deuteronomic Composition,Bibliotheca Orientalis62: 204-213. New King James Version (NKJV). e. (:32) The Futility of Family Relationships, Your sons and your daughters shall be given to another people, while your eyes shall look on and yearn for them continually; but there shall be nothing you can do.. (AM) There you will worship other gods, gods of wood and stone. Levinson, Bernard M. and Jeffrey Stackert. 127:1; Job 31:8; and Prov. 1988. 15However, if you do not obey(A) the Lord your God and do not carefully follow all his commands and decrees I am giving you today,(B) all these curses will come on you and overtake you:(C), 16You will be cursed in the city and cursed in the country. 41You shall beget sons and daughters, but they shall not be yours; for (AC)they shall go into captivity. Whereas God at one time had sworn to give the land of Canaan to the patriarchs and their offspring (Gen 15:7, 18-21; 17:8), he would in a future day remove them from it because of their disobedience (v. 63). 67 In the morning you shall say, Would that it were evening! And at evening you shall say, Would that it were morning! because of the dread of your heart which you dread, and for the sight of your eyes which you shall see. 20A forms with 25 a clear antithesis to Deuteronomy 28:7, but is more elaborate (CT) 66You will live in constant suspense, filled with dread both night and day, never sure of your life. WebBusiness, Economics, and Finance. _ALL THESE BLESSINGS SHALL COME ON THEE_] God shall pour out his blessing from You will be cursed in the field 3. (CG) 62You who were as numerous as the stars in the sky(CH) will be left but few(CI) in number, because you did not obey the Lord your God. 8:7), could this practice of Targum have also played a role in any aural ceremony? Gerald Gerbrandt: In this larger block of curses, the focus is narrowed to portray the catastrophe resulting from siege and defeat at the hand of the enemy. 64Then the Lord (AY)will scatter you among all peoples, from one end of the earth to the other, and (AZ)there you shall serve other gods, which neither you nor your fathers have knownwood and stone. Blight apparently refers to premature drying of grain growing in the fields, perhaps because of the desiccating effect of scorching east wind. WebIn this section Moses identified about four times as many curses as he had listed previous blessings (Deuteronomy 28:1-14). 6:15, 2 Kin. It is the intensification of the curse in the Garden. 20The Lord will send on you (C)cursing, (D)confusion, and (E)rebuke in all that you set your hand to do, until you are destroyed and until you perish quickly, because of the wickedness of your doings in which you have forsaken Me. 38You will sow much seed in the field but you will harvest little,(AS) because locusts(AT) will devour(AU) it. You will be unsuccessful in everything you do; day after day you will be oppressed and robbed, with no one to rescue(AB) you. Whereas verse 20 identifies the targets of doom as the work of the Israelites hands, verse 45 identifies the Israelites themselves as the targets. The image of the woman who becomes hostile even toward her afterbirth is shocking (vv. MacArthur: v. 30 These 3 curses were in contrast to the exemptions from military service granted in 20:5-7. The LORD will smite you with consumption and with fever and with inflammation and with fiery heat and with the sword and with blight and with mildew, and they shall pursue you until you perish.. Webearlier chapters in Deuteronomy. 1:13 (x2); Hag. These 12 offences are sins that could be committed secretly and therefore escape the notice of the authorities. Root Strong's. 54The [k]sensitive and very refined man among you (AN)will[l] be hostile toward his brother, toward (AO)the wife of his bosom, and toward the rest of his children whom he leaves behind, 55so that he will not give any of them the flesh of his children whom he will eat, because he has nothing left in the siege and desperate straits in which your enemy shall distress you at all your gates. 6:28, 29; Jer. For less than $5/mo. 2:20; 4:10, Lev. (2) The enemy will be fast. 11 Birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, and Abram drove them away. license, Tempe | 90 views, 3 likes, 0 loves, 10 comments, 1 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from First Baptist Church - Tempe: First Baptist Church of Tempe April 30, 2023 Live Stream License # 145555 Placing the biblical curses within the larger context of this ancient Near Eastern material provides new insights into the background and function of the curses in the book of Deuteronomy, and in the Hebrew Bible more generally. v. 35a), to be followed by a list of agents he will engage. Hebrew. (5) The enemy will be heartless, showing no respect for the aged or mercy toward the young. 44 He shall lend to you, but you shall not lend to him; he shall be the head, and you shall be the tail.. As the Israelites and Judaeans increasingly interacted with and were subjugated by the Neo-Assyrians, the ritual world of their treaty formulation opened up to include East Semitic practices and idioms and these idioms, translated into Aramaic or Hebrew and shared orally in ritual performance, found their way into the written text of Deuteronomy 28. 26(J)Your carcasses shall be food for all the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth, and no one shall frighten them away. Finish. 65-66). 1619) are the negative counterpart to the opening blessings (vv. The logic of this passage seems to recall the simile curses found in the Neo-Assyrian and Aramaic treaty texts: Just as certain items are broken, cut or burnt, so will the treaty partner be broken, cut or burnt, should he not keep the terms of the agreement. Deuteronomy, Holman Old Testament Commentary by Doug McIntosh. Moses highlights Israels hopelessness by punctuating the litany of disasters with declarations of the absence of any relief. How mysterious is the work of the Spirit! Web28 If you fully obey the Lordyour God and carefully follow all his commands I give you today, the Lordyour God will set you high above all the nations on earth.2 All these blessings The potential actions of God described in the verses that follow are not the mindless or capricious acts of an unknown and malevolent deity; they are the just acts of a righteous God whose covenant love would have been spurned by his own people. Michael Grisanti: Moses clearly defines the people on whom the curses will fall, namely, those who do not obey the stipulations of the covenant. WebThe Curse of Covenant Reversal: Deuteronomy 28:58-68 and Israel's Exile become clear that this passage relates both backwards to the promises given to Abraham and forwards to the renewal of those promises in the renewed hope of the prophets of Israel. MacArthur: God would raise up a nation to act as His own instrument of judgment against His ungrateful people. Day, John. The seven listed here correspond to the seven listed after the same principal clause in verse 22, though now the first four involve incurable skin ailments, while the last three are psychosomatic and psychological in nature. 1. The curses following, reversing the blessings of God which the Israelites had already begun to experience, constitute a final, awesome warning to the Israelites who are now engaged in the last part of the renewal of the covenant in Moab. 28The Lord will strike you with madness and blindness and (M)confusion of heart. (1) The enemy will come from the ends of the earth. What is near is familiar; what is distant is mysterious and fearful. Curses in the Book of Deuteronomy and in Old Aramaic Inscriptions, Media, Video and Lectures From The Arizona Center for Judaic Studies of the University of Arizona, Teaching the Bible in Public Schools and Higher Ed, Scholars, Frauds, the Media and the Public, Essays on Minimalism from Bible and Interpretation, Final Reports on the Yehoash Inscription and James Ossuary from the Israeli Antiquities Authority, Essays on the James Ossuary and the Temple Tablet from Bible and Interpretation, University of Arizona, Center for Judaic Studies, Department of Archaeology and Art History, University of Evansville. It has become fairly common in the history of the interpretation of the book of Deuteronomy to understand the book as a covenant or treaty detailing the terms of the relationship between God and man, and developed along the same structural lines as ancient Near Eastern treaty texts. 7:13; Mal. The land they live in will produce all the food they need ( Deuteronomy 28:4 ). 17. As well as helping us to understand the compositional process that belies the book of Deuteronomy, this recognition increases our understanding of the ritual context of treaty formation in the ancient Near East. Scripture taken from the New King James Version. 53(AM)You shall eat the [j]fruit of your own body, the flesh of your sons and your daughters whom the Lord your God has given you, in the siege and desperate straits in which your enemy shall distress you. If increased population is a sign of the blessing of covenant fidelity, population decline is a sign of covenant unfaithfulness. WebWho we are:Calvary Chapel Fergus Falls is a Christian fellowship of believers in Jesus Christ located in Fergus Falls, MN. Certainly this is the logic that underlines the treaty formalized between Jacob and Laban, and the mound of witness that acts as the sign of their covenant, named in Aramaic by Laban, and in Hebrew by Jacob (Genesis 31:47). By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA, including commercial communications and messages from partners of Bible Gateway. Assistant Professor of Religion and Judaic Studies GameStop Moderna Pfizer Johnson & Johnson AstraZeneca Walgreens Best Buy Novavax SpaceX Tesla. (CQ) 65Among those nations you will find no repose, no resting place(CR) for the sole of your foot. license, Tempe | 90 views, 3 likes, 0 loves, 10 comments, 1 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from First Baptist Church - Tempe: First Baptist Church of Tempe April 30, 2023 Live Stream License # 145555 28. 44He shall lend to you, but you shall not lend to him; he shall be the head, and you shall be the tail. 22(F)The Lord will strike you with consumption, with fever, with inflammation, with severe burning fever, with the sword, with (G)scorching,[c] and with mildew; they shall pursue you until you perish. 63Just as it pleased(CJ) the Lord to make you prosper and increase in number, so it will please(CK) him to ruin and destroy you. 25The Lord will cause you to be defeated(T) before your enemies. Quick, Laura. (:59-62) Overturning of Previous Blessings into Extraordinary Curses, a. These curses all provide a protasis that defines an action of some kind, followed by an apodosis in which this action is frustrated: we might typify this curse as a threat of maximum effort, but minimal gain. 2017. Eugene Merrill: The intensity of the distress is emphasized by the fact that parents would eat their children, their only hope of earthly remembrance and posterity (v. 53). 2. 34So you shall be driven mad because of the sight which your eyes see. 39You shall plant vineyards and tend them, but you shall neither drink of the (AB)wine nor gather the grapes; for the worms shall eat them. Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. 12:13; Mic. B. 36The Lord will (V)bring you and the king whom you set over you to a nation which neither you nor your fathers have known, and (W)there you shall serve other godswood and stone. 36:121; Jer. What does Deuteronomy 24 teach about divorce. (:58-68) DOUBLEBACK ON CURSES THAT REVERSE ISRAELS PREVIOUS BLESSINGS. Neo-Assyrian Treaties and Loyalty Oaths. Michael Grisanti: This last indictment (walls in which you trust, v.52) is Israels fundamental problem. Daniel Block: The opening declaration (v. 20) may be interpreted as a heading for the entire section, summarizing the key issues in the imprecations: Verses 20 and 4546 frame the first volley of woes, announcing the issues involved. Skip Next. This was fulfilled first by Assyria (Is 5:26; 7:18-20; 28:11; 37:18; Hos 8:1) and second, by Babylon (Jer 5:15; La 4:19; Eze 17:3; Hab 1:6-8). (W) 26Your carcasses will be food for all the birds(X) and the wild animals, and there will be no one to frighten them away. WebThese blessings shall come upon Gods children as the Lord will cause (Deuteronomy 28:7), command (Deuteronomy 28:8), establish (Deuteronomy 28:9), grant The curses come close to the end of the ceremony of covenant renewal; they provide the speaker with an excellent opportunity for one final warning to the people of the dangers of disobeying the law of God. Daniel Block: The Israelites children will be seized and delivered over to merchants to be sold in the international slave trade. Several characteristic examples can be found in the Sefire treaties, three treaties written in Old Aramaic and discovered near present day Aleppo. 2. 15 - Smoak, Jeremy D. 2008. WebThese gentle blessings are followed by the tocheichah, a long list of curses (Deuteronomy 28:15-68), whose number (traditionally the rabbis count ninety-eight of them! Y suceder el da que crucis el Jordn hacia la tierra que os da Jehovah tu Dios, que os levantaris piedras grandes, las cuales recubriris con cal. The gentlest soul would abandon all restraint and loyalty and in his hour of self-preservation would feed upon his own precious loved ones (v. 54), not retaining a shred of generosity toward others in similar plight (v. 55). WebThe Curses of Mount Ebal. They will come at you from one direction but flee from you in seven. Everything the people of Israel have will be taken by those who conquer them: their fiances will be raped, their homes and vineyards taken, their oxen slaughtered, their asses and sheep stolen, their children enslaved, and their produce consumed. 23And (H)your heavens which are over your head shall be bronze, and the earth which is under you shall be iron. 35The Lord will strike you in the knees and on the legs with severe boils which cannot be healed, and from the sole of your foot to the top of your head. Daniel Block: The curses in verses 2729a, 34 threaten the personal health of the Israelites. Try it FREE. Between the Covenant Code and Esarhaddons Succession Treaty,Journal of Ancient Judaism3: 123-140. This was clearly a judgment on covenant violation as the repetition of the conditional protasis clause (because you did not obey the LORD your God) puts beyond doubt. 20:6; Job 31:8; Jer. 68And the Lord (BF)will take you back to Egypt in ships, by the way of which I said to you, (BG)You shall never see it again. And there you shall be offered for sale to your enemies as male and female slaves, but no one will buy you.. (AE) 31Your ox will be slaughtered before your eyes, but you will eat none of it. 1. WebHebrew Interlinear :: Deuteronomy 28:5 (WLC KJV) Search. What does it mean that you are the head and not the tail in Deuteronomy 28:13? gain access to 50+ premium resources to enhance your study of Scripture. The traditional formulation of the Deuteronomy // Esarhaddon Treaties hypothesis is concerned with Deuteronomy 28:26-35 in comparison with EST 39-42 (for the text, see Parpola and Watanabe 1987; vocalization and translation is my own). (BX) 56The most gentle and sensitive(BY) woman among youso sensitive and gentle that she would not venture to touch the ground with the sole of her footwill begrudge the husband she loves and her own son or daughter(BZ) 57the afterbirth from her womb and the children she bears. Give an example of how someone could treat a parent in this fashion. 1:13; Deuteronomy 28:30: Deut. Verses 55 and 57b paint two pictures of unspeakable horror. 2016. To escape her misery she will long for night to come and then for the daytime. Salters. 58If you do not carefully observe all the words of this law that are written in this book, that you may fear (AQ)this glorious and awesome name, THE LORD YOUR GOD, 59then the Lord will bring upon you and your descendants (AR)extraordinary plaguesgreat and prolonged plaguesand serious and prolonged sicknesses. 67In the morning you will say, If only it were evening! and in the evening, If only it were morning!because of the terror that will fill your hearts and the sights that your eyes will see. Compositions in Old Aramaic, Phoenician, Moabite, Ammonite or Edomite, as well as in Epigraphic Hebrew, while much narrower in scope than the possibilities presented by the Mesopotamian material due to the limited nature of the documentary finds, nevertheless should be our first point of departure when discussing the writing culture of the ancient Levant. 20 shall be handed over to their enemies, to those who seek to kill them. Disobedient to the Lord, however, would mean that God would no longer fight for His people. WebThe most important lists of covenant blessings and curses are found in Leviticus 26 and Deuteronomy 28. Notice the repeated pattern: Sow much seed / harvest little / harvest consumed by locusts, Plant and cultivate vineyards / no wine to drink / grapes consumed by worms, Have numerous olive trees / no oil to use / olives drop off prematurely, Have sons and daughters / no enjoyment of their company / children go into captivity, 1. More insights from your Bible study - Get Started with Logos Bible Software for Free! Oxford Theology and Religion Monographs; Oxford: Oxford University Press. Earl Kalland: Blow upon blow continues. Continues after advertising. 41 You shall have sons and daughters but they shall not be yours, for they shall go into captivity. They will leave you no grain, new wine(BR) or olive oil,(BS) nor any calves of your herds or lambs of your flocks until you are ruined. 1965, The Vassal-Treaties of Esarhaddon and the Dating of Deuteronomy,Oudtestamentische Studin14: 122-154. (CU) 68The Lord will send you back in ships to Egypt on a journey I said you should never make again. Yahweh repeatedly demanded that his covenantal nation trust him. WebThe Curses outlined in the book of Deuteronomy chapter 28 are used by many Hebrew Israelite groups or camps as they are often referred to and individuals to prove that the This no doubt refers to physical disease that would ravage the land from time to time (cf. WebA retired old guy who loves people and is happy to share my (FREE) advice, mistakes, valuable career and life lessons, wisdom - and plenty of funny stuff, too. See Also:Deuteronomy 28 and the Aramaic Curse Tradition(Oxford Theology and Religion Monographs; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017). WebThis is the list Ive come up withbut again I want to recommend you go to that passage in Deuteronomy 28, the last 53 verses and read them for yourself. (:29b) Material Deprivation and Physical Danger, and you shall not prosper in your ways; but you shall only be oppressed and robbed continually, with none to save you., 3. View Options English. Princeton University A. WebChapter 28 is not about reward, because blessing and curses were mere sanctions. Cant avoid a pang of depression when it appears that my religion and that of so many others rests on a sacred book which gives an important places to, of all things, futility curses. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA, including commercial communications and messages from partners of Bible Gateway. MacArthur: Significantly, the phrase the Lord your God is used approximately 280 times in the book of Deuteronomy. Transliteration. Israel & the Assyrians: Deuteronomy, the Succession Treaty of Esarhaddon, & the Nature of Subversion. WebDeuteronomy Images and Notes. Here God chastises the men who violated his covenant, recalling when they had passed between the two halves of a sacrificed calf, and threatening that he will make these men like that calf. i. Their children will multiply and be healthy. He WebA retired old guy who loves people and is happy to share my (FREE) advice, mistakes, valuable career and life lessons, wisdom - and plenty of funny stuff, too. The short opening set of curses (vv. The inscriptions are the first and only treaties that have been found in Aramaic, a Northwest Semitic language closely related to Hebrew (for the text see Donner and Rllig 2002; vocalization and translation is my own). The LORD will smite you with madness and with blindness and with bewilderment of heart; 29 and you shall grope at noon, as the blind man gropes in darkness,, 2. 65And (BA)among those nations you shall find no rest, nor shall the sole of your foot have a resting place; (BB)but there the Lord will give you a [r]trembling heart, failing eyes, and (BC)anguish of soul. This foreign nation was described as coming from a far distance from Israel, a nation that would arise quickly and one that would completely devastate the Land. (3) The enemy will speak an unintelligible language. WebIn the third portion, Moses describes the blessings Israel will face if they keep the covenant, and the curses that will destroy them if they do not (Deut. WebThe first of these 12 curses is upon those who would treat their father or mother with contempt. 11:11; Hos. 1965. Our Challenge: We will publicly debate any "Bible Theologian" on the curses 6:9-8). . Both Deut. 11:18-20; cf. 42 The cricket shall possess all your trees and the produce of your ground. (z) Jacchiades in Dan. Skip Next. 1:8; Jer. It is likely that there existed a common collection of covenantal curse statements that appear with slight variations throughout ancient Near Eastern treaties. (BT) 52They will lay siege(BU) to all the cities throughout your land until the high fortified walls in which you trust fall down. All rights reserved. At critical junctures Moses inserts reminders of the causes of these disasters. You will come at them from one direction but flee from them in seven,(U) and you will become a thing of horror(V) to all the kingdoms on earth. (:49-50) Ruthless Resolve of the Attacking Enemy, The LORD will bring a nation against you from afar, from the end of the earth, as the eagle swoops down, a nation whose language you shall not understand, 50 a nation of fierce countenance who shall have no respect for the old, nor show favor to the young.. While this method of divine encouragement to keep the commandments of God might seem surprising from a theological point of view, curses were an integral part of the legal, political and religious life of the ancient Near East, found in a variety of ancient texts including the Hebrew Bible, Neo-Assyrian treaties, and Northwest Semitic inscriptions.
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